Solar Power Systems
How many kilowatts of solar power stations are installed on the roof
2021/04/23
In fact, how many photovoltaic systems can be installed and how much capacity can be designed. Just as the idiom says "cutting", first measure the body’s high lean fat index, and then judge whether the clothes fit the size according to this index. The same is true for the design and installation of home photovoltaic power plants. . To install a photovoltaic power station on your own roof, the first restriction is how many photovoltaic modules are placed in a certain barrier-free area. Rooftop solar power station, monocrystalline solar panels

In the actual installation and construction process, the roof should be significantly larger than the area required by the photovoltaic array, which is mainly affected by protruding parts or objects on the roof. A key factor here is the effective area. There are generally three types of roofs for installing photovoltaic power generation: color steel roofs, brick roofs and flat concrete roofs. Different roofs have different installation methods for photovoltaic power stations, and the area of the installed power stations is also different. (Take crystalline silicon components as an example)

1. Color steel tile roof
The photovoltaic power station is installed on the steel roof of the steel structure. Usually photovoltaic modules are installed on the south-facing side, and the ratio of 1 kilowatt is 10 square meters, that is, 1 megawatt (1 megawatt = 1000 kilowatts). Need to use an area of 10,000 square meters.

2. Brick roof
The installation time of the tile roof photovoltaic power station is generally 08:00-16:00 in the uncovered area of the roof. Although the installation method is different from that of the color steel roof, the laying ratio is similar, and it is also an area of 1 kilowatt. About 10 square meters. In other words, a brick roof with a relatively large area (100-150 square meters) can be installed with a photovoltaic power generation system of about 10 kilowatts. The 25-year average annual power generation is estimated to be 9,000-13,000 kWh.

3. Concrete flat roof
When installing a photovoltaic power station on a flat roof, in order to ensure that the modules receive as much sunlight as possible, it is necessary to design an optimal horizontal inclination angle. Therefore, there needs to be a certain distance between each row of components to ensure that they will not be blocked by the shadow of the front row of components. Therefore, the roof area occupied by the entire project will be larger than the flattening of color steel tiles and villa roofs. Generally speaking, taking into account the complex factors such as natural shelter and wall height, the occupied roof area of 1kW is about 15-20 square meters, that is, 1.5-20,000 square meters are required for a 1 MW project.

4. How to measure the effective space of the roof
In the process of photovoltaic array design and component selection, the effective area is extremely important. Let us say, what are the measuring techniques for the effective area of the roof? How to master these skills? Make your own photovoltaic system design and installation more scientific and reasonable.

You can use a tape measure or measure directly from the structure of the building. For example, the distance between the eaves and the ridge is defined as "width", and the horizontal distance along the eaves is defined as the length.

5. Determine the "edge area"
Depending on the selected installation method, a border or "edge area" should be reserved around the eaves in advance. If the reserved space in the edge area is too small, it will cause inconvenience to construction and maintenance. If the edge area is too large, it will reduce the effective area of the roof and affect the design of the photovoltaic system. For such a special parameter, this place usually has its size specified. In Australia, where photovoltaic power generation started earlier, it is recommended that 20% of the effective area be selected for the "edge area".

6. Determine the maximum number of photovoltaic modules that can be installed in the effective area.
Everyone knows that commonly used photovoltaic modules are rectangular. They have two fixed latitudes: length and width. The actual number of photovoltaic modules that can be installed on the roof is mainly affected by the two fixed latitudes and the length and width of the effective space on the roof. Generally speaking, photovoltaic arrays can be installed horizontally according to the direction and effective area of the roof (the long side is parallel to the long side of the roof) or longitudinally (the long side is parallel to the wide side of the roof).

7. Irregular roof can be divided
In the countryside, roofs are complex and diverse. Not all roofs are the rectangles we expect. If the roof you are facing is a non-rectangular area, don't panic. You can use the split method to divide the roof into several rectangles, and then install them according to the horizontal and vertical installation methods.
Understand this, make rational use, create effective roof area, and maximize benefits!
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